Semantic HTML involves using HTML elements for their intended purpose and meaning, not just for visual presentation. Instead of using generic div and span elements for everything, semantic HTML uses specific elements such as header, nav, main, article, section, and footer to structure content logically. This helps screen readers and other aids understand the structure of the page and allows users to navigate efficiently. Semantic HTML also includes the correct use of header levels (h1-h6) in hierarchical order, lists for related content, and tables only for tabular data. The benefits are many: improved accessibility, better SEO as search engines understand the content better, easier CSS and JavaScript development, and future-proof code. Semantic HTML is the foundation of all good web accessibility and should always be the first step before adding ARIA or other accessibility techniques.
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