Keyboard navigation is the ability to use a website or application solely with the keyboard, without a mouse or touchscreen. This is essential for users with motor impairments, blindness or other situations where mouse use is not possible. The Tab key is used to move the focus between interactive elements such as links, buttons, and form fields, while Shift+Tab moves backward. Arrow keys are used within components such as menus or carousels, and Enter or Space activates elements. Good keyboard navigation requires visible focus indication so users can see where they are, logical tab order that follows visual layout, and that all functions that can be used with a mouse can also be reached with a keyboard. Developers must test using only the keyboard and ensure that the focus does not get stuck (keyboard traps) or skips important elements. Modern CSS and JavaScript make it possible to create advanced keyboard interactions that feel natural and efficient.
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